Appendix B

Verb Tables

Note: Many German verbs fall into multiple categories, but in general, they break down into two groups: regular, also known as weak verbs, and irregular, also described as strong verbs. Irregular verbs have a stem vowel change in one or more tenses. Some irregular verbs are conjugated with haben, others with sein in the present perfect tense. This appendix is arranged to accommodate these idiosyncrasies of the German language.

Regular Verbs (No Stem Vowel Change)

Note: To form the future tense of such verbs, use the infinitive form of another verb and the conjugated form of the verb werden (will). The past is conjugated with haben (to have).

Special Conjugations

Note: For more information on the verb sein—for example, how to use it in the past tense—see Chapters 2 and 10.

Note: For more information on how to use the future tense, see Chapter 13.

Note: For more information on how to use separable verbs and a list of separable verbs, go to Chapter 15.

Note: For more details on dative and accusative reflexive verbs, look at Chapter 12.

Irregular and Modal Verbs

Note: To form the future tense of the verbs in this list, use the infinitive form of another verb and the conjugated form of the verb werden (will). Most of these verbs are conjugated in the present perfect tense with haben (to have); some are conjugated with sein (to be).